Noma Kaffe Brew Guide

Noma Kaffe Brew Guide

Words by Carolyne Lane
Photography by Fritz Buziek

This is The Noma Brew Guide, a resource that’s open to all. In it, you’ll find three different brewing techniques that we have been honing for years, along with a handful of tips and terminology that may come in handy as you dive more deeply into the world of coffee. 

Things to bear in mind when you brew coffee

The first, for us, is that no standard is sacred. Only one metric matters: does it taste good? We are constantly reassessing how we do things. 

At this point in our journey, here’s what we can somewhat confidently impart as to what is important: 


The quality and age of your beans 

After getting your hands on beans of good quality, try to ensure that they rest for at least 7 days following the roast before use. This is to allow the carbon dioxide generated from the roasting process to escape; these trapped gases contribute to a “roasty” flavor in the cup that can overpower delicate aromas. In our specific case, we’d say that 2-6 weeks from the roast date is the ideal window (this is based on our experience with the machine).

 

The quality and timing of your grind 

As a rule of thumb, we recommend grinding your coffee “to order” if you plan to enjoy it during its peak window (again, in our case, that’s 2-6 weeks from the roast date). But it’s helpful to keep in mind that grinding in advance can be a handy way of expelling some of the carbon dioxide from a roast that’s still quite fresh. Try to invest in a solid grinder that allows you to calibrate the size of the grind, as opposed to the less reliable ones with a blade.  

 

The quality of your water 

In Denmark, our showers can become caked with calcium after just a single use! It’s no surprise that when it comes to coffee, relying on water that hard leads to dull brews devoid of brightness and acidity. With that in mind, we would recommend that you consider the particular qualities of the water that you’re going to use to brew your coffee.  

For example: those living in areas with similar issues to us here in Copenhagen might consider getting bottled water with a low mineral content (below 50ppm). That alternative can work well, albeit at the cost of money and the usage of plastic. Otherwise, using a water filter can serve as a more reliable long-term solution.  

 

The use of weights and measurements 

Our brewing recipes are predicated on weights and measures. Whilst we respect the age-old tradition of “eyeballing it,” the very simple fact is that not all coffees are created equal. Some beans are larger than others, some denser. Some easily extractible, some not. The most reliable way to account for all of these variations in the execution of a recipe is by weighing everything, and to the gram. 

Glossary



The “Bloom”

When pouring hot water onto coffee grounds, you might notice that the bed of grounds will begin to bubble. This signals the release of gases that have been trapped in the coffee from the roasting process. When the coffee is very fresh, the bubbling will be more extreme.

This gas acts as a barrier, surrounding the coffee granules and preventing the water from properly penetrating them; releasing them at this stage of the brew is important.

This 30-40 second period of degassing at the beginning of a coffee recipe is what we call the “bloom.”


Natural Coffee

Coffee beans are first dried before they are roasted. “Natural coffee” is the term we use to refer to coffee beans that have been dried with their fruit still attached. The extended contact with the fruit results in a transference of sugar to the bean which heightens sweet, fruity flavors. There is also a heightened presence of boozy, fermented flavors from the fermentation of the fruit around the bean.


Washed Coffee

Coffee beans are first dried before they are roasted. “Washed coffee” is the term used to refer to coffee beans which have had their fruit removed beforehand.

The cherries are de-pulped to remove much of the fruit, before being fermented in water tanks to soften the residual fruit (“mucilage”) on the bean...before being washed one more time in water. This processing method tends to yield a crisp cup which is higher in acidity and possesses a heightened clarity of flavor.


Strength

This is the term we use to define how much soluble coffee material has made it into your cup. If we were to use a refractometer to measure this and it read 1.4, this would mean that 1.4% of your cup is coffee, and the other 98.6% is water.

NB: "Strength” is often conflated with extraction, though they are not the same thing. See below.


Extraction

This is the term we use to define how much soluble coffee material has been removed from the ground coffee you used. It’s a slightly more complicated percentage to calculate and depends on you knowing the strength of your coffee beverage. A typical extraction target for most brewing methods is 19-22%. This would allow you to extract enough sweetness to balance out acidity, but not so much that those sugars start burning and your cup becomes bitter. When brewing a nomacano however, we aim for an extraction of between 23% and 25%.

Extraction can be calculated using the following formula:

Extraction (%) = (Strength x Yield) / Dose

Strength: % of coffee diluted in the cup
Yield: mL of water used to brew
Dose: g of coffee used to brew